HealthLink Littauer’s

WELLNESS WORDS

Submitted by Wendy Chirieleison, MS Ed

Community Health Educator

Headaches?

YOU MAY HAVE MORE CONTROL THAN YOU THINK!

Headaches…we’ve all had them – a pain or discomfort in the head, scalp or neck.  According to MedLine Plus, a service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, serious causes of headaches are very rare, and most people with headaches can feel much better by making lifestyle changes, learning ways to relax, and sometimes by taking medications.

TYPES & CAUSES

 Tension headaches are the most common and are likely caused by tight muscles in your shoulders, neck, scalp and jaw.  They may be related to stress, depression, anxiety, a head injury, or holding your head and neck in an abnormal position.  Tension headaches tend to be on both sides of your head.  They often start at the back of your head and spread forward.  The pain may feel dull or squeezing, like a tight band or vice.  Your shoulders, neck or jaw may feel tight or sore.

Migraine headaches are severe and usually occur with other symptoms, such as vision changes or nausea.  The pain may be throbbing, pounding or pulsating.  It tends to begin on one side of your head, although it may spread to both sides.  You may have an “aura” (a group of warning symptoms that start before your headache).  The pain usually gets worse as you try to move around.  These headaches may be triggered by foods such as chocolate, certain cheeses, or MSG.  Caffeine withdrawal, lack of sleep, and alcohol may also trigger them.

Rebound headaches keep coming back and may occur from overuse of painkillers.  These may also be called medication overuse headaches.  Patients who take pain medication more than three days a week on a regular basis can develop this type of headache.

Cluster headaches are sharp, very painful headaches that tend to occur several times a day for months, then go away for a similar period of time.

Sinus headaches cause pain in the front of your head and face.  They are due to swelling in the sinus passages behind the cheeks, nose and eyes.  The pain tends to be worse when you bend forward and when you first wake up in the morning.

Headaches may occur if you have a cold, the flu, a fever or premenstrual syndrome.  A swollen, inflamed artery (which supplies blood to part of the head, temple and neck area) can occur with a disorder called temporal arteritis.  Rarely, a headache may be a sign of a more serious cause.

TREATMENTS

If your doctor has already told you what type of headache you have, there are many things you can do to manage headaches at home. Your doctor may have already prescribed medicines to treat your type of headache.

Keep a headache diary to help find the source or trigger of your symptoms.  Then change your environment or habits to avoid future headaches.  When a headache occurs, write down:

• The date and time the headache began
• What you ate for the past 24 hours
• How long you slept the night before
• What you were doing and thinking about just before the headache started
• Any stress in your life
• How long the headache lasted
• What you did to make it stop

Try acetaminophen, aspirin or ibuprofen for tension headaches.  Do NOT give aspirin to children because of the risk of Reye syndrome.  Do not take aspirin, ibuprofen, or any other blood thinners if there is a chance that you might have bleeding in your head (from a subdural hematoma, aneurysm or other injury). Talk to your doctor if you are taking pain medicines three or more days a week.

WHEN TO SEEK MEDICAL ATTENTION

You should talk to your doctor about your headaches if they become frequent or debilitating, if they interfere with your daily activities, if you are taking excessive over the counter medications to help you, or if you see a sudden change in the frequency, severity, or pattern of your headaches.

Some headaches may be a sign of a more serious illness.  Anyone who has these danger signs should seek medical help immediately:

• This is the first headache you have ever had in your life and it interferes with your daily activities.
• Your headache comes on suddenly and is explosive or violent.
• You would describe your headache as “your worst ever,” even if you regularly get headaches.
• You also have slurred speech, a change in vision, problems moving your arms or legs, loss of balance, confusion, or memory loss with your headache.
• Your headache gets worse over a 24-hour period.
• You also have a fever, stiff neck, nausea and vomiting with your headache.
• Your headache occurs with a head injury.
• Your headache is severe and just in one eye, with redness in that eye.
• You are over age 50 and your headaches just began, especially if you also have vision problems and pain while chewing.
• You have cancer and develop a new headache.

For more information, contact HealthLink Littauer at 736-1120.  You can e-mail us at healthlink@nlh.org, see our website at www.nlh.org, or visit our wellness center at 213 Harrison Street Ext. in Johnstown, Monday – Friday, 9 a.m. – 5 p.m.  We’re your community health & wellness service of Nathan Littauer Hospital and Nursing Home.

HealthLink Littauer’s

WELLNESS WORDS

Submitted by Wendy Chirieleison, MS Ed

Community Health Educator

Osteoarthritis

WHAT IS IT?

Osteoarthritis (also known as degenerative arthritis, hypertrophic arthritis, or age-related arthritis) implies an inflamed joint by its very name.  Osteoarthritis (OA) develops over time as our joints age.  Don’t confuse OA with osteoporosis, which is a condition that causes thinning of the bones.

According to the Cleveland Clinic, osteoarthritis is the most prevalent form of arthritis in the United States, affecting more than 70% of adults between 55 and 78 years of age.  Women are affected more than men. OA is very common and can be impacted by obesity, injuries we have sustained through our lives, age, and genetic disposition.  OA can cause our joints to become stiff and painful.  Any of our joints can be affected, such as the joints in our hands, knees, hips, neck, and back.

HOW DOES THIS HAPPEN?

Our bones are cushioned at the ends by joints.  Our joints contain cartilage and fluid, which act as “shock absorbers.”  According to the Mayo Clinic, cartilage is a firm and slippery tissue that allows “frictionless joint movement.”  Repeated use of our bones causes deterioration of the cartilage and fluid in the joint.  When cartilage deteriorates, our  bones begin to rub against each other.

Thitinan Srikulmontree M.D., a Rheumatologist at San JuanMedicalCenter, postulates that when this happens, it results in the inflammation of the area around our joints, bone deterioration, and a reduction in range of motion.  Dr. Srikulmontree says that the symptoms of OA are different for each person, and can include swelling, pain, stiffness, warmth, and creaking of the joints.  OA can affect anyone age 40 and older.  The risk factors are: obesity, injuries to the joints, having family members with OA, or joint deformities.

DIAGNOSING OA

There are different ways doctors can diagnose this type of arthritis in patients.  According to WebMD, an x-ray allows doctors to see if there has been a loss of cartilage in the joint area.  Other tests used to diagnose OA examine joint fluid, and analyze the location of the problem, the duration, and the type of symptoms that are occurring.  Finally, through surgical procedures, doctors can view joint spaces to locate any abnormalities.  The diagnosis process is different for each patient.

HOW DO YOU MANAGE OA?

There are many types of treatments for OA from medication to surgery.  Since the effects and symptoms of OA differ so much from person to person, only your doctor can tell you what treatments are right for you.  There are other things that you can do to minimize the effects that OA can have on your daily living.  First and foremost is weight loss and healthy lifestyle.  According to Dr. Srikulmontree, each pound we lose reduces the amount pressure put on our joints, which eases pain.  If you don’t have OA, the weight loss decreases the likelihood that you will develop it.

Eating a healthy diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains can help you maintain a healthy weight.  Exercise can help strengthen muscles, decrease pain, and can lessen the chance of disability due to OA.  It’s best to check with your doctor or physical therapist before starting any type of exercise, but generally “low impact” exercise is desirable.  Activities such as swimming or taking an arthritis Tai Chi class can help reduce pain and improve overall fitness.  Using canes, leg braces, and hot or cold therapy can help decrease pain.

Dr. Srikulmontree also suggests some other steps you can take to help you manage OA.  They include cushioning your neck and back while sitting and sleeping, adjusting things around the house to access them easier (for example, raising your chair or toilet seat), and avoiding repeated joint motions like bending,

For more information, attend a free program entitled ‘Osteoarthritis’ on May 22 from 12 noon to 1 p.m. in Littauer’s Auditorium presented by Dr. Donald Raddatz, Rheumatologist of Cooperstown.  For more information, call HealthLink Littauer at 736-1120.